長文読解（人文系・自然科学系の文章）- 問題82

The concept of biomimicry has revolutionized modern engineering and design by drawing inspiration from nature's time-tested patterns and strategies. This interdisciplinary approach studies how organisms have evolved to solve complex problems and applies these solutions to human technology. For instance, the development of Velcro was inspired by the way burr seeds attach to animal fur, while the design of bullet trains borrowed aerodynamic principles from the streamlined beak of the kingfisher bird.
One of the most promising applications of biomimicry lies in sustainable architecture. Termite mounds, which maintain constant internal temperatures despite extreme external conditions, have inspired the design of energy-efficient buildings. The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe, modeled after termite ventilation systems, uses 90% less energy for climate control than conventional buildings of similar size.
Recent advances in biomimicry include the development of self-healing materials inspired by biological processes. Scientists have created concrete that can repair its own cracks by mimicking how bones heal themselves. This innovation could significantly extend the lifespan of infrastructure while reducing maintenance costs.
As we face growing environmental challenges, biomimicry offers a pathway to sustainable innovation that works in harmony with natural systems rather than against them.